Mill



R. S. BUTLER MILL Filed Dec. 31, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 i O O I ll.

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Filed Dec. 31, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented-Aug. 1, 1939 PATENT OFFICE Roberts, Butler, Claremont, N. 11., assig nor to Sullivan Machinery Company, a corporation of Massachusetts Application December 81, 1934, Serial No. 759,908

cheaply and efllciently the operations of present commercial mills crushing corresponding sizes of 10 material.

An object of myinvention is to provide an improved size-reducing Another object of my invention is to provide an improved crushing mill performing a maximum amount of useful 15 work in proportion to the power consumption thereof. A further object of my invention is to provide a crushing mill of very simple construction and having aminimum number of moving'parts, all of which are rugged and durable 20 and subject to a minimum likelihood of breake. Still another object of my invention is to provide an improved size-reducing mill of the im-- pact type, having improved feeding means and 25 Providing for the delivery to the material to be reduced in size of a maximum number of blows per unit of time. Yet another object ofmy invention is to provide an; improved crushing mill 1 in which, when the same is running idle, that is, 30 with interrupted feed, a minimum of power will berequired. Still another object of the invention .is to provide for the most eflicient use of the kinetic energy of the relatively moving parts of the mill. Yet another object of the inven- 35 tion is to provide a mill having cooperating, relatively movable elements of which one is substantially freely movable with respect to the other and in which friction will be reduced to a minimum. Other objects and advantages of my in- I vention will hereinafter more fully appear.

According to one aspect of my invention, I have provided an improved mill in which a pair of relatively movable impact elements are brought together in such manner that both are mounted 1,5 for oscillatory movement upon a common axis 55 ports one or more pivotally mounted size-reducing elements which are freely movable relative to the chamber member in so far asoscillation is concerned, but which are, due to, an offset pivot relation, positively moved as to their points of pivotal support upon chamber oscillation. Other 5 aspects of the invention will be hereinafter apparent and pointed out in the claims.

In the-several embodiments illustrated, it will be noted that there is provided a positively moved chamber alternately oppositely moved at a rapid rate in a predetermined path and providing portions performing the dual functions of a hammer. and an anvil, which chamber encloses one'or more cooperating size-reducing or crushing elements, each of which is pivotally movable, and which also perform conjoint hammer and anvil functions. It will further be noted that in the several species illustrated the mounting, of the enclosed size-reducing (as illustrated: crusher) element is so arranged as to cooperate in the distribution of the material to be processed and to effect delivery of the material now' at one point and now at another, so as to provide for the most effectual processing of the material delivered into the size-reducing chamber. In all forms of the invention illustrated, it will be observed that there are simultaneous motions in like direction and periodic simultaneous motions'in relatively opposite diirections on the part of the positively moved and the so-to-speak free crusher elements. While it will be evident that it is unnecessary to provide an oscillatory motion of the casing or housing member of the mill in order to attain certain of the advantages inherent in the use of pivotally supported, relatively free size-reducing crusher elements, none the less bypivotally mounting the casing and providing feed adjacent the pivotal mounting, it will be evident that a continuous feed and discharge of material may be effected in such manner as to provide for highly eflicient processing and promote delivery of the fully reduced material through the aid of centrifugal force.

Upon thesize of the material to be processed and upon its nature will depend in greatmeasure the form and dimensions of the mill. The size of the material to be processed will determine the necessary dimensions of the casing adjacent the point of feed, and in plural free element mills will determine the spacing of these elements. 5.0

'. The hardness of the material will determine the weights of the parts in a measure, and also the rateof movement of the parts. The size of the material will also have its effect upon the dimensionof the, chamber element; and the rate' of movement desired will be a factor in determining the stroke of the chamber element, that is, its range of oscillation and also the number of oscillations per unit of time. The stroke or range of oscillation of the chamber element will be a further factor in the chamber dimension. Since thousand complete cycles per minute have been found to be desirable, though not essential, in practice; The designer, having selected a stroke and the weight of his parts, will readily determine their sizes, and will proportion his chamber so as to provide a dimension along the path of movement-thereof approximately equal to one and one-half times the stroke plus one and onehalf times the maximum material size plus the dimension along said path of the pivoted internal crusher element, these proportions being' of course for the single, pivoted internal crusher element. Where a plurality of pivotally mounted crusher elements are to be used, the form which the modification should take is an obvious matter. A wide variation is possible, and particularly is this so if powerful impact is less essential, and so chamber shortening possible.

In the accompanying drawings, in which two forms, with a modification of one of the same, which my invention may assume in practice, have been shown for purposes of illustration,

Fig. 1 is a central vertical section through one illustrative embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on a plane corresponding to the section line 33 of-Fig. 1 with parts omitted.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modified form of construction.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentry view similar to Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on a plane corresponding to the line 6-6 of Fig. 4, with parts omitted.

Fig. 'I is a section on the section line 1-4 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary viewshowing a modified form of the invention shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal section on the line 99 of Fig. 8.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings, it will be observed that a suitable base, a portion of which is shown at l and which is provided with an opening at 2 for the reception of bers 4 there is provided a mounting for a bearing l2. The bearings l2 support a transverse pivot shaft l3, upon which there is supported, in bearings l4, an oscillating chamber member l5, while between the bearings II for the chamber member l5 there is provided the pivotal mounting or bearing at [6 for a depending, herein relatively heavy, size-reducing element ll. The casing member [5 has outstanding lugs l9 carrying a wrist pin 20 connected by a connecting rod 2| to the crank pin 8 of the drive shaft 1. The chamber might oscillate upon a stationary shaft l3, or maybe fixed to the shaft I3 and 0scillate with the latter. The chamber member I5 is provided with an upstanding supply chute 23,

into which there may be deposited material to be crushed, by any suitable means. At the opposite sides of the bearing l6 for the size-reducing (herein' crusher) element l8, spaces are provided whose widths determine the maximum size of the material which may secure access to the crusher element. The chamber-providing sizereducin'gelement is provided with appropriate discharge means in the bottom thereof, as exemplified by the discharge slot 25. The mode of operation of the device so fa described will be readily apparent, as it will be appreciated that upon drive of the crankshaft I through any suitable belt means 26 and the driving pulley 9, the crank pin 8 will cause the connecting rod 2|, through the wrist pin 20, to oscillate the chamber ii at a rapid rate. So long as no-material is fed into the hopper 23', the only motion, with appropriately arranged bearings, which would be imparted to the member I. would be that due to the variations in air pressure at the opposite sides thereof, occasioned by the rapid oscillation of the chamber member l5. This will be insuflicient to set the member I! into motion of an amplitude to cause striking thereof by the chamber member l5, and accordingly, when no material is entering the chamber, there will be noimpact between the relatively movable cooperative crushing elements. When, however, material begins to enter and to pass down at the opposite sides of the member I8, this material will set in motion the freely swingable member l8 and a cycle of. operation somewhat as follows will take place during each completev oscillation of the casing member [5. As the easing swingsin one direction, the material between the walls of the chamber therein and the member It will cause the latter to attain to the same angular velocity as the casing. The casing will,

however, slow down during the motion of its crank in the-second or in the fourth quadrant, and then reverse its direction, while the freely pivoted member l8 will continue in its original direction of movement. There will accordingly occur an impact of one side of the casing and one side of the freely swingable member l8 upon the opposite sides of a mass of material, with fracture thereof, and this will be followed by a reversal of motion of the freely pivoted member and the subsequent-striking, on material at the opposite side of this member, of blows by the opposite face of the freely pivoted member and the opposite end of ,-the chamber member. It will be evident that a very eflicient and powerful breaking action will be obtained} that mill breakage due to shocks or to the sticking of material which has to be crushed in order for the parts to move, is wholly avoided. It will be evident, moreover, that the material will be discharged very effectually by centrifugal force,

4, it will be observed that a very similar apparatus has been provided except that in this case the member I8 is replaced by a member 28 which is pivoted upon a transversely extending bearingproviding member 29, which issupported by the casing member 30. This casing member is provided with a narrower throat il. in order to control at that point the size of the material which may secure entrance to it after supply to a hopper 32. In this form of construction it will be noted that due to the fact that as the chamber-providing casing 30 is oscillated the bearing member 29 will alternately assume positions at opposite sides of a position directly below the pivot axis 33 upon which the chamber-providing casing oscillates, feed to the opposite sides of the freely swingable member 28 will be greatly facilitated. The mode of operation described in connection with the first species will have a counterpart in the apparatus of Figs. 4 to 7, but

it will be noted that in this form of the invention the member 28 has-to its upper end motion imparted in a positive manner through the pivotal connection at 29, while its lower end derives a motion through the-material to be crushed.

- There is thus a limited freedom of motion, with a possibly more powerful blow to the material struck.

In the modified form of the apparatus shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the difference from the construction shown in Flg.,4 resides primarily in the presence of a plurality of pivotally supported internal striking elements 28' and the increase in the size of the throat ii and the provision of transverse distributing members 35 below the point ofpivoting of the chamber-providing member 30' so as to provide three passes A, B and C for the material to be processed and to effect delivery of this material at the opposite sides of each of the internal pivotally supporting striking elements 28'. With this form of the invention there will be four crushing actions per cycle of movement of the chamber-providing member 30', and by this multiplication of the freely swingable internal members there will be an increased capacity forgnaterial crushing.

In both the last fonfis the chamber-providing casing 30' will be sure to be pivoted on stub shafts 36. a

It will be evident with respect to each of the formsof the invention described, that a'very effective size-reducing or crushing operation will be accomplished, that the objects set forth above are effectually attained, that a very rugged apparatus is provided, practically proof against derangement, and that while a most powerful sizereducing or crushing action can be obtained from this device when normally used, power consumption will be almost in direct proportion to the amount of work done, with a minimum of power consumption when the feed is interrupted.

While I have in this application specifically described two forms and a modification which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that these forms and modification of the same are shown for purposes of illustration, and that the invention may be further modified and'embodied in-various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims;

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a size-reducing mill, a positively poweroscillated size-reducing member providing a sizereducing'chamber having radial wall normal to .axis above its center of gravity, so arranged with respect to said members that movement of said second mentioned member upon said axis relative to said first mentioned member alters the conformation of the space within said chamber.

3. In a crushing mill, a positively power-oscillated crushing member providing. a crushing chamber, and a' relatively movable depending crushing member within said chamber supported for free pivotal movement about an axis ofi'set above its center of gravity, said members arranged for engagement with a hammering action at an extreme of relative swinging movement thereof.

4. In a crushing mill, a pivotally-mounted positively swlngably power-oscillated crushing member providing a crushing chamber, and a freelyswingable relatively movable crushing member within said chamber in spaced relation to the walls of the latter and partially dividing the interior thereof and supported for pivotal movement altering the chamber division about an axis coincident with the axis of oscillatory movement of said first mentioned member and nearer one of its own ends than the other.

5. In a size-reducing mill, a positively poweroscillated size-reducing member having walls, including end and bottom walls, providing a sizereducing chamber, and a relatively movable sizereducing member extending within said chamber latory movement towards and from the end walls of said chamber upon an axis offset both from the center o'f'gravity of the portion thereof actually within said chamber and from the axis of oscillatory movement of said first mentioned member and engageable with said end walls.

6. In a crushing mill, a positively power-oscillated crushing member providing a crushing chamber having generally radially-extending surfaces providing anvils, and a relatively movable depending crushing member within said chamber supported for free oscillatory movement upon an axis offset both above its own center of gravity and from the axis of oscillatory movement of the first mentioned member and engageable with said anvil surfaces.

'7. In a crushing mill, a pivotally-supported, positively-power-oscillated crushing member providing a crushing chamber, and a relatively movable freely-suspended crushing member within said chamber supported for free oscillatory movement upon an axis disposed in a common plane with and offset from the axis of oscilcarried by said first mentioned member and having its lower end swingable through an arc to effect engagement with the chamber ends.

9. In a mill, a chamber member, a hammer member within said chamber member, said members pivoted on axes in the same straight line and each having blow-striking surfaces extending generally radially with respect to its pivot axis, and means fo positively moving one of the same rapidly alternately in opposite directions to vary the space relations between said members and cause them to coact and engage. with ashammering action. l

-l0. In a mill, pivoted chamber and hammer members, each supported in depending relation to its pivot and with said hammer member having at leastits blow-striking end within said chamber member, said members providing mutually engageable blow-striking surfaces and one pivotally supporting the other, and means for positively moving that member which pivotally supports the other member rapidly alternately in opposite directions to cause engagement of said blow-striking surfaces.

11. In a mill, a'pivotally-supported, positivelypower-oscillated crushing. member having walls forming a crushing chamber and having means for conducting material into said chamber adjacent the axis of oscillationof said member, and a relatively movable crushing member within and spaced from the walls of said chamber and supported for free pivotal movement about an axis coincident with the axis of oscillatory movement of the first mentioned member and ofiset from its own center of gravity, said members providing surfaces retreating from and approaching each other and between which on their relative motion a crushing action is efiected.

12. In a mill, a pivotally-supported, positively power-oscillated crushing member providing a crushing chamber and having means for conducting material into said chamber adjacent the axis of oscillation of said member, and a relatively movable crushing member within said chamber supported for free oscillatory movement upon an axis parallel to and offset from the axis of oscillatory movement of the first mentioned member but carried by said first mentioned member.

13. In'a mill, a pivotally-supported, positively power-oscillated crushing member providing a crushing chamber and having means for conducting material into said chamber adjacent the axis of oscillation of said'member, and a relatively movable crushing pendulum member within said chamber supported for free oscillatory movement upon an axis ofiset from the axis of oscillatory movement of the first mentioned member but carried by said first mentioned member, said pendulum member of a length and so pivoted that the same is engageable in widely swung positions thereof with a wall of said chamber.

14. In a crushing mill, a positively power-oscillated crushing member providing a crushing chamber, and a" plurality of freely relatively a crushing chamber, and a plurality of freely relatively movable crushing members within said chamber partially subdividing the interior thereof and supported for pivotal movement altering the subdivision and swingable into contact with each other and with certain of said chamber walls. 16. In a crushing mill, a positively poweroscillated crushing member providing a crushing chamber, and a plurality of relatively movable crushing members within said chamber supported for free oscillatory movement upon parallel axes carried by and moving with said first mentioned member upon oscillation of the latter. 17. In a mill, a positively power-oscillated \crushing member providing walls bounding a crushing chamber, and a plurality of elongated freely-relatively movable pivoted crushing members within said chamber with their elongation subdividing the chamber normally to its path of extending within said chamber supported for' pivotal movement upon an axis coincident with the axis of oscillatory movement of said first mentioned member and ofiset from the center of the portion of said second mentioned member actually within said chamber.

19. In a mill, relatively swingable chamber and hammer members coaxially pivoted and cooperating in forming a'generally sector-shaped sizereducing space whose included angle alters with pivotal-movement of either of said members relative to the other upon its respective pivot, said members having a limited free relative angular movement without contact with each other and each having hammering surfaces thereon, and means for positively moving one of said members rapidly alternately in opposite directions about its pivot to transmit motion to the other through material to be reduced to effect reduction of the later between said hammering surfaces.

20. In a size-reducing mill, a positively swingably-power oscillated size-reducing member providing a size-reducing chamber providing downwardly diverging opposite end faces, and a depending relatively movable size-reducing member within said chamber supported for pivotal movement about an axis coincident with the axis of oscillatory movement of said first mentioned member and having opposite end faces adapted to cooperate alternately'with the diverging end faces of said chamber.

21. In a size-reducing mill, a positively swingably-power=oscillated size-reducing member providing a size-reducing chamber, and a relatively movable depending-size-reducing member within said chamber supported for free oscillatory movement upon an axis above its center of gravity, the axes of said members disposed in a common plane, said chamber having a bottom conforming generally to the path of swing of the bottom of said relatively movable size-reducing member and out of contact with the latter, and said. chamber also having ends between which and the opposite faces of the lower end of said relatively movable size-reducing member a ham-.- mering action may be alternately effected.

" 22. In a size-reducing member, a positively pivotally-power-oscillated size-reducing member providing a size-reducing chamber having an arcuate bottom and opposite ends extending generally radially of said arcuate bottom, and a plurality of freely relatively swingable depending size-reducing members within said chamber supported for free pivotal movements on parallel axes between positions in which they are com currently substantially parallel to said opposite ends.

23. In a size-reducing mill, a positively swingably-power-oscillated size-reducing member providing a size-reducing chamber having downwardly-diverging opposite end faces, and depending relatively movable size-reducing means within said chamber supported for pivotal movement in the same planes with said chamberproviding member and providing mutually opposite surfaces adapted to cooperate alternately with the diverging end faces of said chamber.

24. In a mill, a pivoted, positively-power-oscillated crushing member providing a. crushing chamber having a plurality of radially extending ary and said chamber empty of material, and

said last mentioned crushing members so mounted for free pivotal movement and so spaced relative to each other and to said radially extending chamber walls that they are movable, by forces transmitted to them through chamber-contained material to be crushed, into material-crushing proximity to eachother and to said radially extending chamber walls;

ROBERT S. BU'I'LEFL 

